ᡀᠡᠸᠠᠩᠵᠡᠪ
ᡀᠡᠸᠠᠩᠵᠡᠪ （1900 ︱1960 ) ᠂ 1900 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠳᠦᠷᠦᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠶ ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠭᠡᠮ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ 1938 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 9 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ 379 ᠳ᠋ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠡ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠢ ᡀᠡᠸᠠᠩᠵᠡᠪ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠂ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠷᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠧᠯᠢᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠲᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠭᠧᠨᠧᠷᠠᠯ ᠰᠧᠯᠢᠩ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ （ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠧᠨᠧᠷᠠᠯ ᠰᠧᠯᠢᠩ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠳᠡᠪᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ） ᠃
ᡀᠡᠸᠠᠩᠵᠡᠪ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠴᠡᠭᠴᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠪᠦᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ 16 ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠰᠦ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠵᠧᠦ ᠷᠧᠨ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠴᠡᠭᠴᠡᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠂ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠨᠭᠭᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠨᠢᠮᠪᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃
ᡀᠡᠸᠠᠩᠵᠡᠪ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ 1936 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠪᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠂ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠧᠯᠢᠩᠪᠦ᠋ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠢ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠡᠭ᠋ᠫᠦ᠋ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠢ ᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠲᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃
ᡀᠡᠸᠠᠩᠵᠡᠪ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠰᠢᠬᠦ ᠰᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠯᠬᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠠᠢᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠵᠧᠦ ᠷᠧᠨ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᡀᠡᠸᠠᠩᠵᠡᠪ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠣ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠹᠸᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠧᠦ ᠷᠧᠨ ᠱᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠦ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠹᠷᠣᠨᠲ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠤᠡ ᠵᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠦᠷᠨᠢᠬᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠦᠭᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠮᠤᠯᠲᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᡀᠡᠸᠠᠩᠵᠡᠪ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠠᠰᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠂ ᠦᠨᠡᠨᠴᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠂ ᠪᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠴᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠨᠴᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠡᠪᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠡᠶᠡ ᠡᠪᠲᠡᠶ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠳᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠲᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠂ ᠴᠤᠭᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠨᠴᠢᠷ ᠣᠷᠳᠣ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠶ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠳ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡ ᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃
1940 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠵᠢᠶᠸ ᠱᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᡀᠡᠸᠠᠩᠵᠡᠪ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠦᠩᠴᠢᠩ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠂ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠵᠢᠶᠸ ᠱᠢ ᠾᠧ ᠢᠩ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ 1945 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠂ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨᠲᠠ ᠴᠦᠩᠴᠢᠩ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠂ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠵᠢᠶᠸ ᠱᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠤᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠰᠢᠤᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠢ ᠱᠠᠲ᠋ᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠵᠦ ᠂ ᡀᠡᠸᠠᠩᠵᠡᠪ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ 1946 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠨᠵᠢᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᡀᠡᠸᠠᠩᠵᠡᠪ ᠵᠢᠩᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ 1948 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠨᠵᠢᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᡀᠡᠸᠠᠩᠵᠡᠪ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠮᠥᠨ ᠯᠡ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᡀᠡᠸᠠᠩᠵᠡᠪ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠰᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶ ᠢᠯᠵᠠᠷᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠰᠣᠨᠣᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠢᠯ ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠃
1949 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 9 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᡀᠡᠸᠠᠩᠵᠡᠪ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠩᠵᠧᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ 9 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 27 ᠋ ᠦ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠂ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠶ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠨᠢᠽᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠶᠢᠨᠴᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠢᠩᠲ᠋ᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠧᠯᠢᠩᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠩ ᠳᠸ ᡁᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠶ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠩᠬᠠᠭᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠰᠮᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠬᠡᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠲᠤ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠸ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠂ ᠯᠢ ᠱᠧᠤ ᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠤᠬᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠦᠭᠴᠦ ᠂ ᠦᠢᠮᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠦᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠵᠢᠦᠴᠢᠦᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠨᠭᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃
ᠪᠥᠬᠥᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠂ ᡀᠡᠸᠠᠩᠵᠡᠪ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠤᠱᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠰᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮᠲᠤ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠂ ᠦᠨᠡ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠳᠣᠬᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠶᠢᠬᠦᠪ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠰᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠢᠷᠦ ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠂ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ 1960 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠂ ᡀᠡᠸᠠᠩᠵᠡᠪ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠ ᠂ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠷᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠶ ᠃