ᠵᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠶ
ᠵᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠶ （ 1901 ︱1968） ᠂ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠶ ᠹᠸᠩ ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠣᠣ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠱᠸᠤ ᠂ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠂ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠶᠠᠨᠱᠸᠣ ᠂ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠰᠢ ᠂ ᠠᠴᠢᠯᠢᠶ᠋ᠸᠸ ᠂ ᠪᠦ᠋ ᠯᠤᠤ ᠨᠢᠩ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠂ 1901 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠳᠦᠷᠦᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ᠃
1915 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ 1920 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠦᠢᠰᠦ᠋ᠢ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠂ 1923 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠪᠠ ᠃ 1924 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠰᠦᠢᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ 1927 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠪᠠ ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠶ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠨᠴᠣᠭᠣᠶ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ 10 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠶ ᠃ 1926 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠩᠵᠧᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ ᠃
1927 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠮᠣᠰᠺᠸᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠨᠠᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ 1934 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠺᠯᠦ᠋ᠪ 《 ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ 》 ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤ ᠵᠦᠴᠦᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃
1946 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠳ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠨᠤᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠲᠣᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠲᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠶ ᠃
1950 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠪᠥᠬᠥᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠥᠬᠥᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠣᠨᠴᠠ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠃ 1954 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠵᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠹᠷᠣᠨᠲ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠲᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠂ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢᠡ ᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠂ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ《 ᠨᠠᠶᠮᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ 》 ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠃
1968 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 3 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 12 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠷ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦ 67 ᠲᠠᠶ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠥᠭᠴᠢᠪᠡ ᠃