ᠬᠦᠸᠸ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋
ᠬᠦᠸᠸ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ （ 1894 ︱ ? ） ᠂ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠦᠷᠰᠦᠸ᠋ᠲ᠋ᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠮᠦᠷᠰᠸ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠴᠤᠯᠠ ᠵᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠩ ᠂ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠂ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠂ 1894 ᠣᠨ （ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠣᠨ ) ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠵᠦ᠂ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠸᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠬᠡᠷᠲᠦ ᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠃
ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠢᠩᠬᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠢ ᠸᠸ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠦ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ 1910 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠮᠥ᠋ᠷᠡᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠂ 4 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠡ ᠃ 1915 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠂ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠶ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠂ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ 1917 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠂ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠪᠤᠵᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠰᠸᠪᠵᠢᠩᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠂ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠨᠣᠴᠢᠲᠠᠶ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠢᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠪᠠ ᠃
ᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠷᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠰᠣᠨᠣᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠳᠣᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠬᠠᠨᠤᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠪᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠦᠬᠤ ᠤᠢᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠡᠷᠡᠮᠡᠯᠵᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ 《 ᠣᠤ ᠮᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠤᠴᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠨ》 ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ᠂ 1918 ᠣᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠦᠵᠢᠰᠺᠸ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃
1920 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠵᠢᠸ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠂ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠦ ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠮᠦᠬᠡᠷᠲᠦ ᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠂ ᠠᠪᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠣᠰ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠳᠣᠸᠷᠠ （ 1000 ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠣᠰ ᠪᠠ 10 ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ） ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠣᠤ ᠮᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠂ ᠡᠸᠡᠩᠬᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠨᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠲᠢᠶᠠᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠣᠭᠣᠰ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠲᠡᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠬᠠᠶ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠲᠡᠶ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠰᠦᠾᠳ᠋ᠨᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠰ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠧᠭᠨᠢᠭ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠂ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃
1922 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠠᠶ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠂ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋︽ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠵᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠂ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠯ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠶᠦᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠦᠬᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠵᠧᠩ ᠲᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠂ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃
1923 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 6 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠵᠧᠩ ᠲᠢᠩ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠬᠦᠸᠸ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠵᠦ᠂ ︽ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯ 》 ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠨᠢ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ 《 ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ 》 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠮᠣᠰᠺᠸᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠᠲᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠶ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠵᠧᠩ ᠲᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ 《 ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠮᠤᠶ 》 ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠭᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠮᠥ᠋ᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠣᠪᠴᠢᠩ ᠯᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠨᠢ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠵᠸᠩ ᠲᠢᠩ ᠦᠨ《 ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨᠲᠠ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠭᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠶᠢᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠯᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠲᠠᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠂ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠂ 1923 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ 1924 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ 《 ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ 》 ᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ 《 ᠠᠷᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ 》 ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃
1924 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠨᠠᠨᠵᠢᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠦ（ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠂ 《 ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ 》 ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠪᠡ ） ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠰᠢ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠩᠵᠧᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠶ ᠲᠠᠶ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠰᠠᠨᠮᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠡᠴᠠ 《 ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ 》 ᠂ 《 ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ 》 ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠨᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠴᠡᠶ ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠭᠣᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠢᠩᠲᠠᠶ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃
1925 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 10 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠩᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠂ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ 21 ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠨᠣᠣᠷᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ 《 ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠲᠥᠯᠪᠦᠷᠢ 》 ᠂ 《 ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠩᠬᠠᠭ 》 ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠹᠡᠩᠢᠦᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠪᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠤᠴᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠪᠠ ᠃
1926 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠂ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠠᠼᠢᠣᠨᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠪᠠ （ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠢ 4 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ ） ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠢᠲᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠯ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠨᠣᠴᠢᠲᠠᠶ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠂ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠠᠼᠢᠣᠨᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠪᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦ᠋ᠬᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠳ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠶ ᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠰᠺᠸᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠶ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠦ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ ᠃
1927 ᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠵᠢᠶᠸ ᠱᠢ《 4. 12 》 ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠦ ᠲᠦ᠋ᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦᠶᠡ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠦᠰᠪᠡ ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠂ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠠᠼᠢᠣᠨᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳ᠋ᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠂ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ 8 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠨᠴᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠠᠱᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠨᠣᠴᠢᠲᠠᠶ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠂ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠠᠼᠢᠣᠨᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠂ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ — ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 《 ᠰᠠᠨᠮᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ 》 ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠂ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠡᠨᠡ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ ᠃
1928 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 7 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠢᠨᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠨᠠᠼᠢᠣᠨᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ 《 ᠠᠷᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ 》 ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠂ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠲᠠᠶ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ︽ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠨ᠂ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠤᠢᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠮᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠨᠠ 》 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠂ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠶ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠲᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ ᠂ ᠬᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤᠤᠷ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠢᠪᠡ᠃ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠰᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃
ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠲᠠᠶ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠂ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠥᠯᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠡ ᠃ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ 《 ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠯᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠨᠡ ᠃ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠯᠦᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠮ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠨᠦᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠯᠦᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ 》 ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠂ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠤᠡ ᠶᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠂ 《 ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ 》 ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠴᠡᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠮᠦᠭᠳᠡᠨ （ ᠱᠧᠨᠶᠠᠩ ） ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠡᠶᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠂ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠰᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠷᠢᠪᠠ ᠃
ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠢᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ 《 ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ 》 ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠯᠤᠰ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠳᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠮᠦᠷᠰᠸ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠮᠠᠷᠲᠠᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃
《 ᠮᠦᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠴᠡᠭᠡ》 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠶᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠮᠦᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠬᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠂《ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠲᠡᠨ ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨ》 ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠶᠢᠵᠦ᠂ 《 ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ》 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦᠡ ᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠵᠢᠬ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠬᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠃
ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ 1929 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠶ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ 10 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠶ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠡᠵᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠦ 《 ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ 》 ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ 《 ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠤᠷ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ 》 ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠢᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ 《 ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ 》 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠶ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ 《 ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ 》 ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠣᠳᠣᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠶ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠯ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠂ 《 ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠦᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠨᠡ》 ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢᠶ ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠤᠸᠠᠢ ᠯᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ ᠃
1931 ᠣᠨ ᠤ《 918 》 ᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠵᠡᠮ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠤᠸᠠᠢ ᠯᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠄ ᠦᠬᠦᠵᠦ ᠦᠷᠢᠭᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠶᠠᠫᠣᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮᠡᠬᠡᠢᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠦᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠨᠡ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ 12 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤᠤᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯᠳᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠴᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠶ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠶ ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠂ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠪᠠ ᠃
1989 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 5 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠢᠪᠯᠡᠯᠳᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠭᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠪᠠ ᠄ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠭᠦᠸᠧ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠤ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠵᠦ᠋ᠪᠯᠡᠯᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠦᠷᠨᠢᠬᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠥᠯᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠥᠳᠥᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠯᠠᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠂ 1934 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ 10 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠂ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠳᠠᠩᠰᠠ ᠡᠪᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠪᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠭᠤᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ ᠃ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠦ ᠂ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ ᠃